INTENDED USE

Pre-titrated Reagent Kit for human PD-1 contains calibrated PD-1 standards and pre-titrated capture and detection antibodies for quantitative measurement of human PD-1 in biological samples by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). An assay protocol is provided with the kit to use the reagents in 96-well ELISA format. It is recommended to dilute all reagents according to this manual. The reagents can also be used with 384-well ELISA plate and optimized for use in other type of immunoassays.

Background

Programmed Cell Death-1 (PD-1), also called CD279, is a 288 amino acid cell surface protein that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. The protein is expressed on T cells, B cells and macrophages. When PD-1 is joined with its ligand (CD274 or B7-H1), the immune cell’s activation and effector function are attenuated. Research suggested that PD1 pathway is mainly involved with attenuation at periphery sites while the B7/CTLA-4 pathway is primarily involved with the attenuation of the activation of immune cells in secondary lymphoid organs. PD-1 pathway is implicated with cancer’s immune-evasion, autoimmunity, and Listeria monocytogenes infection.